PHP: CGI and command line setups

Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris

Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

CGI and command line setups

The default is to build PHP as a CGI program. This creates a command line interpreter, which can be used for CGI processing, or for non-web-related PHP scripting. If you are running a web server PHP has module support for, you should generally go for that solution for performance reasons. However, the CGI version enables users to run different PHP-enabled pages under different user-ids.

Warning

如果使用 CGI 方式安裝，則伺服器對於某些可能的攻擊是開放的。請閱讀 CGI 安全一章以學習如何防禦這些攻擊。

As of PHP 4.3.0, some important additions have happened to PHP. A new SAPI named CLI also exists and it has the same name as the CGI binary. What is installed at {PREFIX}/bin/php depends on your configure line and this is described in detail in the manual section named Using PHP from the command line. For further details please read that section of the manual.

Testing

If you have built PHP as a CGI program, you may test your build by typing make test. It is always a good idea to test your build. This way you may catch a problem with PHP on your platform early instead of having to struggle with it later.

Benchmarking

If you have built PHP 3 as a CGI program, you may benchmark your build by typing make bench. Note that if 安全模式 is on by default, the benchmark may not be able to finish if it takes longer then the 30 seconds allowed. This is because the set_time_limit() can not be used in 安全模式. Use the max_execution_time configuration setting to control this time for your own scripts. make bench ignores the configuration file.

Note: make bench is only available for PHP 3.

Using Variables

Some server supplied environment variables are not defined in the current » CGI/1.1 specification. Only the following variables are defined there: AUTH_TYPE, CONTENT_LENGTH, CONTENT_TYPE, GATEWAY_INTERFACE, PATH_INFO, PATH_TRANSLATED, QUERY_STRING, REMOTE_ADDR, REMOTE_HOST, REMOTE_IDENT, REMOTE_USER, REQUEST_METHOD, SCRIPT_NAME, SERVER_NAME, SERVER_PORT, SERVER_PROTOCOL, and SERVER_SOFTWARE. Everything else should be treated as 'vendor extensions'.

HP-UX specific installation notes

Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris

Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

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CGI and command line setups

gordon_e_rouse at yahoo dot com dot au
28-Feb-2008 04:25


Have noticed on debian now, and may be true of other builds, that if you are using php as a command line language, you don't need the -q ie: #!/usr/bin/php -q anymore.



What really took me ages to work out was how to the use php in cgi mode (ie in a cgi-bin directory) as it doesn't send http headers by default. It also fails to populate $_GET and $_POST arrays.



Turns out debian php build comes with /usr/bin/php-cgi 



Use this in your shebang if running CGI scripts!



ie:



#!/usr/bin/php-cgi



I understand now - but had to figure this out myself!



Keywords I tried to solve this problem with were:



PHP, CGI, no $_GET array, Premature end of script headers, No http Headers, debian



Hopefully this post might save someone many hours of frustration, if they are googling the above words!

info at ch2o dot info
17-Jun-2005 10:59


additionnal information to fastcgi...



the compilation of fastcgi library is not nessesary, php include a modified version of this library, 

and fastcgi module have this own implementation of the protocole fastcgi...



on the first server (where apache are!) the uid and gid of apache instance of the fastcgi module 

must be the same on the php file to execute... 

without that they dont work...

the module refuse to send the request to the fastcgi php server...

info at ch2o dot info
14-Jun-2005 01:59


for using fastcgi external server in place of cgi or mod php with php:



to compile fastcgi librairie:



  wget http://www.fastcgi.com/dist/fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz

  tar xzvf fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz

  cd fcgi-2.4.0

  ./configure

  make

  gmake install



to compile the fastcgi apache module:



  wget http://www.fastcgi.com/dist/mod_fastcgi-2.4.2.tar.gz

  tar xvzf mod_fastcgi-2.4.2.tar.gz

  cd mod_fastcgi-2.4.2

  path/to/apache/bin/apxs -i -A -n fastcgi -o mod_fastcgi.la -c *.c



after you must modify the http.conf to add that:



  # load fcgi module

  LoadModule fastcgi_module      modules/mod_fastcgi.so



  # authorization to execute fcgi  on tree "/fcgi-bin/"

  <Location /fcgi-bin/>

      Options ExecCGI

      SetHandler fastcgi-script

  </Location>



  # define fastcgi external serveur for virtual path "/fcgi-bin/phpfcgi" to execute on targetmachinehost with targetport

  FastCgiExternalServer /fcgi-bin/phpfcgi -host targetmachinehostname:targetport

 



  # mime type definietion for some extention

  AddType application/x-httpd-fastphp .php .cphp .php4



  #define apache cgi regirection with the virtual action script /fcgi-bin/phpfcgi associated with the defined mime type. 

  Action application/x-httpd-fastphp /fcgi-bin/phpfcgi



start apache.



compile php with --enable-cgi  and --enable-fastcgi=/to/lib/fastcgi



start on target machine php with "php -b ip:port" for ear request from mod_fastcgi.



some aditional thing are in sapi/cgi/README.FastCGI of php src tree.



the document root of the apache machine must be synchronous with the php target machine... with the same tree...



and with that solution you can mixe php5 and php4 with different extention of apache directory limitation to one or another version...



with performance like mod_php!

kptrs at yahoo dot com
07-Jun-2004 07:37


Dug out from the discussion at the site below is a good tip: if you are working with an existing PHP installation which did not build either the commandline or CGI servers, you can use the lynx non-graphical web browser to get the web server to execute php scripts from the command line (or cron jobs, etc):



lynx -dump http://whatever



>If you wish to use PHP as a scripting language, a good article to read is >http://www.phpbuilder.com/columns/darrell20000319.php3



>note that the article is aimed at *nix not win32, but most of it still applies

phil at philkern dot de
04-Jan-2003 02:40


Thanks nordkyn, this one was very helpful.

Please note that the kernel has to be compiled with misc binary support, which is activated on most distributions like Debian.

You would have to please these two lines in a script to run it after every reboot, on debian I propose /etc/init.d/bootmisc.sh

You could place this lines at the end but before : exit 0

---

# Install PHP as binary handler



mount -t binfmt_misc none /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc

echo ":PHP:E::php::/usr/bin/php4:" > /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc/register

---

And please remember that the package management would override the file on the next distribution upgrade :)

cv at corbach dot de
21-Feb-2002 12:18


Up to and including 4.1.1 you have to set doc_root to an non empty value if you configure PHP for CGI usage with --enable-discard-path.

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HP-UX specific installation notes

Sun, iPlanet and Netscape servers on Sun Solaris

Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007